J3.x

開發 MVC 元件/新增語言管理

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< J3.x:Developing an MVC Component
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Joomla! 
3.x
教學
開發一個 Model-View-Controller 元件

本系列文章

  1. 介紹
  2. 開發一個基本的元件

新增前台的 view

新增一個選單類型到前台

新增一個 model 到前台

在選單類型中新增一個變數請求

使用資料庫

基本的後台

新增語言管理

新增後台行為

新增後台的佈置

新增表單驗證

新增類別

新增設定介面

  1. 新增 ACL

新增一個安裝/移除/更新程式碼檔案

新增一個前台表單

  1. 新增一個圖片
  2. 新增一個 map
  3. 新增 AJAX
  4. 新增一個別名

使用語言過濾功能

  1. 新增一個 model
  2. 新增關聯
  3. 新增回存
  4. 新增排序
  5. 新增階層
  6. 新增版本控制
  7. 新增標籤
  8. 新增存取權限
  9. 新增批次作業
  10. 新增快取
  11. 新增 Feed

新增更新伺服器

  1. 新增客製化欄位
  2. Upgrading to Joomla4



這是一系列的多篇文章，旨在介紹如何開發一個 Joomla! VersionJoomla 3.x Model-View-Controller 元件

讓我們從簡介開始，您可以使用底下的導覽按鈕來瀏覽文章，或是右側的方塊中的連結(列出所有的文章)。



介紹

您可以在此觀看和此步驟相關的影片 步驟 8. 新增語言管理.

joomla! 3.2 以四種不同的情境來管理元件的語言：

  • 顯示元件於網站前台
  • 管理元件於後台
  • 管理選單於後台
  • 安裝元件

Joomla! 3.2 使用兩個不同的資料夾來存放語言檔案：

  • 一個是在 administrator/language 或是 language
  • 另一個在元件的資料夾當中 (administrator/components/*component*/language 或是 components/*component*/language)

這依元件如何被安裝而定

新增前台使用的語言翻譯

With your favourite file manager and editor, put a file site/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini。這個檔案會包含前台的翻譯字串，到此時刻，檔案還是空的。

site/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini

到此時刻，檔案裡面還沒有任何翻譯字串。

新增系統管理介面的語言翻譯

With your favourite file manager and editor, put a file admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini. This file will contain translation for the backend part.

admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini 

; Joomla! Project
; Copyright (C) 2005 - 2018 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.
; License GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt, see LICENSE.php
; Note : All ini files need to be saved as UTF-8

COM_HELLOWORLD_NUM="#"
COM_HELLOWORLD_PUBLISHED="Published"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLDS_NAME="Name"
COM_HELLOWORLD_ID="Id"

COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_DESC="This message will be displayed"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_LABEL="Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_HEADING_GREETING="Greeting"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_HEADING_ID="Id"

新增管理後台選單的語言翻譯

With your favourite file manager and editor, put a file admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini. This file will contain translation for the backend part.

admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini 

; Joomla! Project
; Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.
; License GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt, see LICENSE.php
; Note : All ini files need to be saved as UTF-8

COM_HELLOWORLD="Hello World!"
COM_HELLOWORLD_DESCRIPTION="This is the Hello World description"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_VIEW_DEFAULT_TITLE="Hello World"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_VIEW_DEFAULT_DESC="This view displays a selected message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MENU="Hello World!"

語言檔案位置選項

從 1.7版本起，有兩個位置可以存放擴充套件的語言檔案。您可以選擇其一，或是兩者都用。

The 1.5 way will install the files in the CORE language folders (ROOT/administrator/language/ and ROOT/language/). Since version 1.6, include the files in a "language" folder installed at the root of the extension.

Therefore an extension can include a language folder with a .sys.ini different from the one installed in the Joomla core language folders. (This last one not being included in that language folder but in root or any other folder not installed.)

This lets us display 2 different descriptions: one from the sys.ini in the "language" folder is used as a message displayed when installation is finished, the other (from the .ini) is used for "normal" operation, that is, when the extension is edited in the back-end. This can be extremely useful when the installation also uses some scripts and requires a different value for the description.

You Should Note!

The sys.ini file is also used to translate the name of the extensions in some back-end Managers and to provide menu translation for components.

Therefore, the xml would include since 1.6: 

<files>
<[...]
<folder>language</folder>  // This folder HAS to include the right subfolders, i.e. language/en-GB/ ... language/fr-FR/
<filename>whatever</filename>
[...]
</files>

<administration>
    <files folder="admin">
        <[...]
        <folder>language</folder>
        <filename>whatever</filename>
        <[...]
    </files>
</administration>

and/or then (1.5 way): 

<languages folder="joomlacorelanguagefolders"> // If using another language folder for cleanliness. (Any folder name will fit.)
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.whatever.ini</language> // or
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB.whatever.ini</language> if no tagged subfolder
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.whatever.sys.ini</language> // or
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB.whatever.sys.ini</language> if no tagged subfolder
</languages>

or simply in ROOT: 

<languages>
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB.whatever.ini</language>
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB.whatever.sys.ini</language>
</languages>

Language file used by the installation script during the installation of a component(the first install, not an upgrade) obeys specific rules described in the article, Specification of language files. During the first installation, only the language file included in the component folder (/administrator/components/com_helloworld/language) is used when present. If this file is only provided in the CORE language folder (/administrator/language), no translation occurs. This also applies to KEYs used in the manifest file.

When upgrading or uninstalling the extension (not installing), it is the sys.ini file present in the extension root language folder which will display the result of the installation from the description key/value. Thereafter, if present, the sys.ini as well as the .ini installed in the CORE language folder will have priority over the files present in the root language folder of the extension.

Advantages of Extension "Language" Folder

One advantage of installing the files in the extension "language" folder is that these are not touched when updating a language pack.

The other advantage is that this folder can include multiple languages (en-GB always, fr-FR, it-IT, etc.) not requiring the user to install the corresponding language pack. This is handy as they are available if, later on, a user installs the corresponding pack.

包裝元件

您的程式碼路徑中的內容

Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the archive and install it using the extension manager of Joomla. You can add a menu item of this component using the menu manager in the backend.

helloworld.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<extension type="component" version="3.0" method="upgrade">

	<name>COM_HELLOWORLD</name>
	<!-- The following elements are optional and free of formatting constraints -->
	<creationDate>January 2018</creationDate>
	<author>John Doe</author>
	<authorEmail>john.doe@example.org</authorEmail>
	<authorUrl>http://www.example.org</authorUrl>
	<copyright>Copyright Info</copyright>
	<license>License Info</license>
	<!--  The version string is recorded in the components table -->
	<version>0.0.8</version>
	<!-- The description is optional and defaults to the name -->
	<description>COM_HELLOWORLD_DESCRIPTION</description>

	<install> <!-- Runs on install -->
		<sql>
			<file driver="mysql" charset="utf8">sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql</file>
		</sql>
	</install>
	<uninstall> <!-- Runs on uninstall -->
		<sql>
			<file driver="mysql" charset="utf8">sql/uninstall.mysql.utf8.sql</file>
		</sql>
	</uninstall>
	<update> <!-- Runs on update; New since J2.5 -->
		<schemas>
			<schemapath type="mysql">sql/updates/mysql</schemapath>
		</schemas>
	</update>

	<!-- Site Main File Copy Section -->
	<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
		to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
		in this section are copied from /site/ in the package -->
	<files folder="site">
		<filename>index.html</filename>
		<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
		<filename>controller.php</filename>
		<folder>views</folder>
		<folder>models</folder>
	</files>

	<languages folder="site/language">
		<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini</language>
	</languages>

	<administration>
		<!-- Administration Menu Section -->
		<menu link='index.php?option=com_helloworld'>COM_HELLOWORLD_MENU</menu>
		<!-- Administration Main File Copy Section -->
		<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
			to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
			in this section are copied from /admin/ in the package -->
		<files folder="admin">
			<!-- Admin Main File Copy Section -->
			<filename>index.html</filename>
			<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
			<filename>controller.php</filename>
			<!-- SQL files section -->
			<folder>sql</folder>
			<!-- tables files section -->
			<folder>tables</folder>
			<!-- models files section -->
			<folder>models</folder>
			<!-- views files section -->
			<folder>views</folder>
		</files>
		<languages folder="admin/language">
			<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini</language>
			<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini</language>
		</languages>
	</administration>

</extension>

In this helloworld.xml file, languages are installed in:

  • administrator/language for the admin part (look at the xml languages tag).
  • components/com_helloworld/language for the site part (there are no xml languages tag in the site part of the xml description file, but the language folder is included).
Info non-talk.png
General Information

請建立一個PR(pull request )，或是到此 https://github.com/joomla/Joomla-3.2-Hello-World-Component 建立一個issue，如果本頁有什麼程式碼方面的差異或是編輯的需要。

貢獻者

上一篇：基本的後台
下一篇：新增後台行為
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