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{{future|1.6}}
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{{version/tutor|2.5}}
 
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{{Chunk:Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5 - Contents}}
== Articles in this series ==
 
{{Chunk:Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!1.6 - Contents}}
 
  
 
== Introduction ==
 
== Introduction ==
This tutorial is part of the [[Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!1.6]] tutorial. You are encouraged to read the previous parts of the tutorial before reading this.
+
This tutorial is part of the [[Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5]] tutorial. You are encouraged to read the previous parts of the tutorial before reading this.
  
In the Joomla!1.6 framework, third party components authors divide their code into three main parts:
+
In the Joomla!2.5 framework, third party component authors divide their code into three main parts:
 
* ''models'' They manage the data  
 
* ''models'' They manage the data  
 
* ''controllers'' They perform tasks, set and get the states of the models and ask the views to display
 
* ''controllers'' They perform tasks, set and get the states of the models and ask the views to display
Line 13: Line 11:
  
 
== Setting the controller ==
 
== Setting the controller ==
In the core code of Joomla, there is a class able to manage controllers: ''JController''. This class has to be extended to be used in our component. In the file ''site/helloworld.php'' (entry point of our ''Hello World'' component), put these lines
+
In the core code of Joomla, there is a class able to manage controllers: ''[http://api.joomla.org/Joomla-Platform/Application/JController.html JController]''. This class has to be extended to be used in our component. In the file ''site/helloworld.php'' (entry point of our ''Hello World'' component), put these lines
  
 
<span id="site/helloworld.php">
 
<span id="site/helloworld.php">
Line 29: Line 27:
  
 
// Perform the Request task
 
// Perform the Request task
$controller->execute(JRequest::getCmd('task'));
+
$input = JFactory::getApplication()->input;
 +
$controller->execute($input->getCmd('task'));
  
 
// Redirect if set by the controller
 
// Redirect if set by the controller
 
$controller->redirect();</source>
 
$controller->redirect();</source>
 
</span>
 
</span>
The ''getInstance'' static method of the ''JController'' class will create a controller. In the code above, it will create a controller named ''HelloWorldController'' using the ''controller.php'' file (it's a default behavior)
+
The ''[http://api.joomla.org/Joomla-Platform/Application/JController.html#getInstance getInstance]'' static method of the ''JController'' class will create a controller. In the code above, it will instantiate a controller object of a class named ''HelloWorldController''. Joomla will look for the declaration of that class in an aptly named file called ''controller.php'' (it's a default behavior).
  
With your favorite file manager and editor, create a ''site/controller.php'' file containing
+
Now, ''controller.php'' needs to be created and ''HelloWorldController'' needs to be declared and defined. So with your favorite file manager and editor, create a ''site/controller.php'' file containing
  
 
<span id="site/controller.php">
 
<span id="site/controller.php">
 
''site/controller.php''
 
''site/controller.php''
 
<source lang="php">
 
<source lang="php">
 +
<?php
 
// No direct access to this file
 
// No direct access to this file
 
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
 
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
Line 59: Line 59:
  
 
== Setting the view ==
 
== Setting the view ==
 +
 +
When JController wants to display a view, it will look for certain files in the ''component/com_[component_name]/views/[name of view]/'' folder.
 +
 +
The name of the folder of the default view is the name of the component itself. In our case the path is ''component/com_helloworld/views/helloworld/''.
 +
 +
The file that will contain the code of the view is called ''view.[view_mode].php''. The default view mode, and probably the only view a component might need is the ''html'' mode. So this give us our file name which is ''view.html.php''.
 +
 
With your favorite file manager and editor, create a file ''site/views/helloworld/view.html.php'' able to display the default view and containing
 
With your favorite file manager and editor, create a file ''site/views/helloworld/view.html.php'' able to display the default view and containing
  
Line 89: Line 96:
 
</span>
 
</span>
  
The ''display'' method of the ''Jview'' class is called with the ''display'' task of the JController class. In our case, this method will display data using the ''tmpl/default.php'' file. With your favorite file manager and editor, create a file ''site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php'' able to display the default view and containing
+
The ''display'' method of the ''[http://api.joomla.org/Joomla-Platform/Application/JView.html JView]'' class is called with the ''display'' task of the JController class. In our case, this method will display data using the ''tmpl/default.php'' file. With your favorite file manager and editor, create a file ''site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php'' able to display the default view and containing
  
 
<span id="site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php">
 
<span id="site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php">
Line 100: Line 107:
 
<h1><?php echo $this->msg; ?></h1>
 
<h1><?php echo $this->msg; ?></h1>
 
</source>
 
</source>
 +
 +
This template file will be included by the JView class. Therefore, here, $this refers to the HelloWorldViewHelloWorld class.
  
 
== Packaging the component ==
 
== Packaging the component ==
Line 105: Line 114:
 
Content of your code directory
 
Content of your code directory
 
* ''[[#helloworld.xml|helloworld.xml]]''
 
* ''[[#helloworld.xml|helloworld.xml]]''
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!1.6_-_Part_01#index.html|site/index.html]]''
+
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|site/index.html]]''
 
* ''[[#site/helloworld.php|site/helloworld.php]]''
 
* ''[[#site/helloworld.php|site/helloworld.php]]''
 
* ''[[#site/controller.php|site/controller.php]]''
 
* ''[[#site/controller.php|site/controller.php]]''
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!1.6_-_Part_01#index.html|site/views/index.html]]''
+
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|site/views/index.html]]''
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!1.6_-_Part_01#index.html|site/views/helloworld/index.html]]''
+
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|site/views/helloworld/index.html]]''
 
* ''[[#site/views/helloworld/view.html.php|site/views/helloworld/view.html.php]]''
 
* ''[[#site/views/helloworld/view.html.php|site/views/helloworld/view.html.php]]''
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!1.6_-_Part_01#index.html|site/views/helloworld/tmpl/index.html]]''
+
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|site/views/helloworld/tmpl/index.html]]''
 
* ''[[#site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php|site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php]]''
 
* ''[[#site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php|site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php]]''
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!1.6_-_Part_01#index.html|admin/index.html]]''
+
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|admin/index.html]]''
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!1.6_-_Part_01#admin/helloworld.php|admin/helloworld.php]]''
+
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#admin/helloworld.php|admin/helloworld.php]]''
 +
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|admin/sql/index.html]]''
 +
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|admin/sql/updates/index.html]]''
 +
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#index.html|admin/sql/updates/mysql/index.html]]''
 +
* ''[[Developing_a_Model-View-Controller_(MVC)_Component_for_Joomla!2.5_-_Part_01#admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.1.sql|admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.1.sql]]''
  
Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the [http://joomlacode.org/gf/download/frsrelease/11394/58111/com_helloworld-1.6-part02.zip archive] and install it using the extension manager of Joomla!1.6. You can test this basic component by putting ''index.php?option=com_helloworld'' in your browser address.
+
Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the [http://joomlacode.org/gf/download/frsrelease/11394/58226/com_helloworld-1.6-part02.zip archive] and install it using the extension manager of Joomla. You can test this basic component by putting ''index.php?option=com_helloworld'' in your browser address.
  
 
<span id="helloworld.xml">
 
<span id="helloworld.xml">
Line 122: Line 135:
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<source lang="xml">
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<extension type="component" version="1.6.0" method="upgrade">
+
<extension type="component" version="2.5.0" method="upgrade">
  
 
<name>Hello World!</name>
 
<name>Hello World!</name>
<!-- The following elements are optional and free of formatting conttraints -->
+
<!-- The following elements are optional and free of formatting constraints -->
 
<creationDate>November 2009</creationDate>
 
<creationDate>November 2009</creationDate>
 
<author>John Doe</author>
 
<author>John Doe</author>
Line 136: Line 149:
 
<!-- The description is optional and defaults to the name -->
 
<!-- The description is optional and defaults to the name -->
 
<description>Description of the Hello World component ...</description>
 
<description>Description of the Hello World component ...</description>
 +
 +
<update> <!-- Runs on update; New in 2.5 -->
 +
<schemas>
 +
<schemapath type="mysql">sql/updates/mysql</schemapath>
 +
</schemas>
 +
</update>
  
 
<!-- Site Main File Copy Section -->
 
<!-- Site Main File Copy Section -->
Line 159: Line 178:
 
<filename>index.html</filename>
 
<filename>index.html</filename>
 
<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
 
<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
 +
<!-- SQL files section -->
 +
<folder>sql</folder>
 
</files>
 
</files>
 
</administration>
 
</administration>
Line 171: Line 192:
 
== Navigate ==
 
== Navigate ==
  
[[Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!1.6 - Part 01|Prev: Developing a Basic Component]] [[Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!1.6 - Part 03|Next: Adding a menu type to the site part]]
+
[[Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5 - Part 01|Prev: Developing a Basic Component]] [[Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5 - Part 03|Next: Adding a menu type to the site part]]
  
 
== Contributors ==
 
== Contributors ==
 
*[[User:cdemko|Christophe Demko]]
 
*[[User:cdemko|Christophe Demko]]
 +
*[[User:oaksu|Ozgur Aksu]]
  
 
[[Category:Development]]
 
[[Category:Development]]
[[category:Joomla! 1.6]]
+
[[Category:Joomla! 1.6]]
[[category:Manual]]
+
[[Category:Joomla! 1.7]]
 +
[[Category:Joomla! 2.5]]

Revision as of 19:52, 24 October 2012

This page has been archived. This page contains information for an unsupported Joomla! version or is no longer relevant. It exists only as a historical reference, it will not be improved and its content may be incomplete and/or contain broken links.


Introduction[edit]

This tutorial is part of the Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5 tutorial. You are encouraged to read the previous parts of the tutorial before reading this.

In the Joomla!2.5 framework, third party component authors divide their code into three main parts:

  • models They manage the data
  • controllers They perform tasks, set and get the states of the models and ask the views to display
  • views They display the content according to the type (error, feed, html, json, raw, xml) and the layout chosen by the controllers

Setting the controller[edit]

In the core code of Joomla, there is a class able to manage controllers: JController. This class has to be extended to be used in our component. In the file site/helloworld.php (entry point of our Hello World component), put these lines

site/helloworld.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');

// import joomla controller library
jimport('joomla.application.component.controller');

// Get an instance of the controller prefixed by HelloWorld
$controller = JController::getInstance('HelloWorld');

// Perform the Request task
$input = JFactory::getApplication()->input;
$controller->execute($input->getCmd('task'));

// Redirect if set by the controller
$controller->redirect();

The getInstance static method of the JController class will create a controller. In the code above, it will instantiate a controller object of a class named HelloWorldController. Joomla will look for the declaration of that class in an aptly named file called controller.php (it's a default behavior).

Now, controller.php needs to be created and HelloWorldController needs to be declared and defined. So with your favorite file manager and editor, create a site/controller.php file containing

site/controller.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');

// import Joomla controller library
jimport('joomla.application.component.controller');

/**
 * Hello World Component Controller
 */
class HelloWorldController extends JController
{
}

When no task is given in the request variables, the default task will be executed. It's the display task by default. The JController class has such a task. In our example, it will display a view named HelloWorld.

Setting the view[edit]

When JController wants to display a view, it will look for certain files in the component/com_[component_name]/views/[name of view]/ folder.

The name of the folder of the default view is the name of the component itself. In our case the path is component/com_helloworld/views/helloworld/.

The file that will contain the code of the view is called view.[view_mode].php. The default view mode, and probably the only view a component might need is the html mode. So this give us our file name which is view.html.php.

With your favorite file manager and editor, create a file site/views/helloworld/view.html.php able to display the default view and containing

site/views/helloworld/view.html.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');

// import Joomla view library
jimport('joomla.application.component.view');

/**
 * HTML View class for the HelloWorld Component
 */
class HelloWorldViewHelloWorld extends JView
{
	// Overwriting JView display method
	function display($tpl = null) 
	{
		// Assign data to the view
		$this->msg = 'Hello World';

		// Display the view
		parent::display($tpl);
	}
}

The display method of the JView class is called with the display task of the JController class. In our case, this method will display data using the tmpl/default.php file. With your favorite file manager and editor, create a file site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php able to display the default view and containing

site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
?>
<h1><?php echo $this->msg; ?></h1>

This template file will be included by the JView class. Therefore, here, $this refers to the HelloWorldViewHelloWorld class.

Packaging the component[edit]

Content of your code directory

Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the archive and install it using the extension manager of Joomla. You can test this basic component by putting index.php?option=com_helloworld in your browser address.

helloworld.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<extension type="component" version="2.5.0" method="upgrade">

	<name>Hello World!</name>
	<!-- The following elements are optional and free of formatting constraints -->
	<creationDate>November 2009</creationDate>
	<author>John Doe</author>
	<authorEmail>john.doe@example.org</authorEmail>
	<authorUrl>http://www.example.org</authorUrl>
	<copyright>Copyright Info</copyright>
	<license>License Info</license>
	<!--  The version string is recorded in the components table -->
	<version>0.0.2</version>
	<!-- The description is optional and defaults to the name -->
	<description>Description of the Hello World component ...</description>

	<update> <!-- Runs on update; New in 2.5 -->
		<schemas>
			<schemapath type="mysql">sql/updates/mysql</schemapath>
		</schemas>
	</update>

	<!-- Site Main File Copy Section -->
	<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
		to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
		in this section are copied from /site/ in the package -->
	<files folder="site">
		<filename>index.html</filename>
		<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
		<filename>controller.php</filename>
		<folder>views</folder>
	</files>

	<administration>
		<!-- Administration Menu Section -->
		<menu>Hello World!</menu>
		<!-- Administration Main File Copy Section -->
		<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
			to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
			in this section are copied from /admin/ in the package -->
		<files folder="admin">
			<!-- Admin Main File Copy Section -->
			<filename>index.html</filename>
			<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
			<!-- SQL files section -->
			<folder>sql</folder>
		</files>
	</administration>

</extension>

Result: You will see by default the message contained in the variable $this->msg in the view.html.php file.

Navigate[edit]

Prev: Developing a Basic Component Next: Adding a menu type to the site part

Contributors[edit]