Difference between revisions of "Developing a MVC Component/Adding categories"

Revision as of 11:01, 12 March 2013

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This tutorial is for Joomla! CMS Version(s)

Introduction[edit]

This tutorial is part of the Developing a Model-View-Controller (MVC) Component for Joomla!2.5 tutorial. You are encouraged to read the previous parts of the tutorial before reading this.

The Joomla framework has implemented the use of categories for all components. Adding categorized ability to a component is fairly simple.

Modifying the SQL[edit]

In order to manage categories, we have to change the SQL tables.

With your favorite editor, modify admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql and put these lines:

admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `#__helloworld`;

CREATE TABLE `#__helloworld` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `greeting` varchar(25) NOT NULL,
  `catid` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
   PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `#__helloworld` (`greeting`) VALUES
	('Hello World!'),
	('Good bye World!');

admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.12.sql

ALTER TABLE `#__helloworld` ADD `catid` int(11) NOT NULL default '0'

Modifying the form[edit]

A HelloWorld message can now belong to a category. We have to modify the editing form. In the admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml file, put these lines:

admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<form
	addrulepath="/administrator/components/com_helloworld/models/rules"
>
	<fieldset>
		<field
			name="id"
			type="hidden"
		/>
		<field
			name="greeting"
			type="text"
			label="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_LABEL"
			description="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_DESC"
			size="40"
			class="inputbox validate-greeting"
			validate="greeting"
			required="true"
			default=""
		/>
		<field
			name="catid"
			type="category"
			extension="com_helloworld"
			class="inputbox"
			default=""
			label="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_LABEL"
			description="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_DESC"
			required="true"
		>
			<option value="0">JOPTION_SELECT_CATEGORY</option>
		</field>
	</fieldset>
</form>

Note that the category can be 0 (representing no category).

Modifying the menu type[edit]

The HelloWorld menu type displays a drop down list of all messages. If the message is categorized, we have to add the category in this display.

In the admin/models/fields/helloworld.php file, put these lines:

admin/models/fields/helloworld.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die;

// import the list field type
jimport('joomla.form.helper');
JFormHelper::loadFieldClass('list');

/**
 * HelloWorld Form Field class for the HelloWorld component
 */
class JFormFieldHelloWorld extends JFormFieldList
{
	/**
	 * The field type.
	 *
	 * @var		string
	 */
	protected $type = 'HelloWorld';

	/**
	 * Method to get a list of options for a list input.
	 *
	 * @return	array		An array of JHtml options.
	 */
	protected function getOptions() 
	{
		$db = JFactory::getDBO();

		/// $query = new JDatabaseQuery; WARNING - There's an error in this line, JDatabaseQuery is an abstract class
		$query = $db->getQuery(true); // THIS IS THE FIX, WARNING IT MUST BE FIXED IN THE ZIP FILES

		$query->select('#__helloworld.id as id,greeting,#__categories.title as category,catid');
		$query->from('#__helloworld');
		$query->leftJoin('#__categories on catid=#__categories.id');
		$db->setQuery((string)$query);
		$messages = $db->loadObjectList();
		$options = array();
		if ($messages)
		{
			foreach($messages as $message) 
			{
				$options[] = JHtml::_('select.option', $message->id, $message->greeting .
				                      ($message->catid ? ' (' . $message->category . ')' : ''));
			}
		}
		$options = array_merge(parent::getOptions(), $options);
		return $options;
	}
}

It will now display the category between parenthesis.

Managing the submenu[edit]

The com_categories component allows to set the submenu using a helper file. With your favorite file manager and editor, put a admin/helpers/helloworld.php file containing these lines:

admin/helpers/helloworld.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die;

/**
 * HelloWorld component helper.
 */
abstract class HelloWorldHelper
{
	/**
	 * Configure the Linkbar.
	 */
	public static function addSubmenu($submenu) 
	{
		JSubMenuHelper::addEntry(JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_MESSAGES'),
		                         'index.php?option=com_helloworld', $submenu == 'messages');
		JSubMenuHelper::addEntry(JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_CATEGORIES'),
		                         'index.php?option=com_categories&view=categories&extension=com_helloworld',
		                         $submenu == 'categories');
		// set some global property
		$document = JFactory::getDocument();
		$document->addStyleDeclaration('.icon-48-helloworld ' .
		                               '{background-image: url(../media/com_helloworld/images/tux-48x48.png);}');
		if ($submenu == 'categories') 
		{
			$document->setTitle(JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION_CATEGORIES'));
		}
	}
}

NOTE: You MUST use your component name (without com_) for the helper file name, or else your submenus won't show in category view.

This function will be automatically called by the com_categories component. Note that it will

change the submenu
change some css properties (for displaying icons)
change the browser title if the submenu is categories
change the title and add a preferences button

We have to change the general controller to call this function and modify the component entry point (the .icon-48-helloworld css class is now set in the addSubmenu function)

admin/controller.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');

// import Joomla controller library
jimport('joomla.application.component.controller');

/**
 * General Controller of HelloWorld component
 */
class HelloWorldController extends JController
{
	/**
	 * display task
	 *
	 * @return void
	 */
	public function display($cachable = false, $urlparams = false)
	{
		// set default view if not set
		$input = JFactory::getApplication()->input;
		$input->set('view', $input->getCmd('view', 'HelloWorlds'));

		// call parent behavior
		parent::display($cachable, $urlparams);

		// Set the submenu
		HelloWorldHelper::addSubmenu('messages');
	}
}

admin/helloworld.php

<?php
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');

// require helper file
JLoader::register('HelloWorldHelper', dirname(__FILE__) . DS . 'helpers' . DS . 'helloworld.php');

// import joomla controller library
jimport('joomla.application.component.controller');

// Get an instance of the controller prefixed by HelloWorld
$controller = JController::getInstance('HelloWorld');

// Perform the Request task
$input = JFactory::getApplication()->input;
$controller->execute($input->getCmd('task'));

// Redirect if set by the controller
$controller->redirect();

Adding some translation strings[edit]

Some strings have to be translated. In the admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini file, put these lines:

admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini

COM_HELLOWORLD="Hello World!"
COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION="HelloWorld - Administration"
COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION_CATEGORIES="HelloWorld - Categories"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_CREATING="HelloWorld - Creating"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_DETAILS="Details"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_EDITING="HelloWorld - Editing"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_ERROR_UNACCEPTABLE="Some values are unacceptable"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_DESC="The category the messages belongs to"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_LABEL="Category"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_DESC="This message will be displayed"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_LABEL="Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_HEADING_GREETING="Greeting"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_HEADING_ID="Id"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLD_EDIT="HelloWorld manager: Edit Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLD_NEW="HelloWorld manager: New Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLDS="HelloWorld manager"
COM_HELLOWORLD_N_ITEMS_DELETED_1="One message deleted"
COM_HELLOWORLD_N_ITEMS_DELETED_MORE="%d messages deleted"
COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_MESSAGES="Messages"
COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_CATEGORIES="Categories"

Packaging the component[edit]

Content of your code directory

Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the archive and install it using the extension manager of Joomla. You can add a menu item of this component using the menu manager in the backend.

helloworld.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<extension type="component" version="2.5.0" method="upgrade">

	<name>COM_HELLOWORLD</name>
	<!-- The following elements are optional and free of formatting constraints -->
	<creationDate>November 2009</creationDate>
	<author>John Doe</author>
	<authorEmail>john.doe@example.org</authorEmail>
	<authorUrl>http://www.example.org</authorUrl>
	<copyright>Copyright Info</copyright>
	<license>License Info</license>
	<!--  The version string is recorded in the components table -->
	<version>0.0.12</version>
	<!-- The description is optional and defaults to the name -->
	<description>COM_HELLOWORLD_DESCRIPTION</description>

	<install> <!-- Runs on install -->
		<sql>
			<file driver="mysql" charset="utf8">sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql</file>
		</sql>
	</install>
	<uninstall> <!-- Runs on uninstall -->
		<sql>
			<file driver="mysql" charset="utf8">sql/uninstall.mysql.utf8.sql</file>
		</sql>
	</uninstall>
	<update> <!-- Runs on update; New in 2.5 -->
		<schemas>
			<schemapath type="mysql">sql/updates/mysql</schemapath>
		</schemas>
	</update>

	<!-- Site Main File Copy Section -->
	<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
		to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
		in this section are copied from /site/ in the package -->
	<files folder="site">
		<filename>index.html</filename>
		<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
		<filename>controller.php</filename>
		<folder>views</folder>
		<folder>models</folder>
		<folder>language</folder>
	</files>

	<media destination="com_helloworld" folder="media">
		<filename>index.html</filename>
		<folder>images</folder>
	</media>

	<administration>
		<!-- Administration Menu Section -->
		<menu img="../media/com_helloworld/images/tux-16x16.png">COM_HELLOWORLD_MENU</menu>
		<!-- Administration Main File Copy Section -->
		<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
			to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
			in this section are copied from /admin/ in the package -->
		<files folder="admin">
			<!-- Admin Main File Copy Section -->
			<filename>index.html</filename>
			<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
			<filename>controller.php</filename>
			<!-- SQL files section -->
			<folder>sql</folder>
			<!-- tables files section -->
			<folder>tables</folder>
			<!-- models files section -->
			<folder>models</folder>
			<!-- views files section -->
			<folder>views</folder>
			<!-- controllers files section -->
			<folder>controllers</folder>
			<!-- helpers files section -->
			<folder>helpers</folder>
		</files>

		<languages folder="admin">
			<language tag="en-GB">language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini</language>
			<language tag="en-GB">language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini</language>
		</languages>
	</administration>

</extension>

Zips[edit]

Download the zip file for this Part: [1]

Navigate[edit]

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