Desarrollo de un Componente MVC/Agregar categorías
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Artículos de esta Serie
Agregar un tipo de menú a la parte del sitio
Agregar un modelo a la parte del sitio
Agregar una variable de petición en el tipo de menú
Utilizando la base de datos
Lado servidor básico
Agregar gestión de idioma
Agregar acciones del lado servidor
Agregar decoraciones del lado servidor
Agregar verificaciones
Agregar categorías
Agregar configuración
Agregar un archivo de secuencia de comandos instalar-desinstalar-actualizar
Agregar un formulario del lado cliente
Usar la facilidad filtro de idioma
- Agregar una Modal
- Agregar Asociaciones
- Agregar Comprobación
- Agregar Ordenamiento
- Agregar Niveles
- Agregar Control de Versiones
- Agregar Etiquetas
- Agregar Accesos
- Agregar procesos por lote
- Agregar Caché
- Agregar un Canal de Noticias
Agregar un servidor de actualización
Esta es una serie multi-artículos de tutoriales sobre cómo desarrollar un Componente Modelo-Vista-Controlador para Joomla! Versión.
Comenzar con la Introducción, y navegar por los artículos de esta serie usando el botón de navegación en la parte inferior o en el cuadro de la derecha (los "Artículos de esta serie").
Introducción
Este artículo es parte del tutorial Desarrollo de un Componente MVC para Joomla! 3.2. Te invitamos a leer las partes anteriores del tutorial antes de leer esto. El framework de Joomla! ha implementado el uso de categorías para todos los componentes. Aagregar habilidades categorizadas a un componente es bastante simple.
Modificar el SQL
Con el fin de gestionar las categorías, tenemos que cambiar las tablas SQL. Con tu editor favorito, modifica el archivo admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql y coloca estas líneas:
admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `#__helloworld`;
CREATE TABLE `#__helloworld` (
`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`greeting` VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
`published` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
`catid` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
ENGINE =MyISAM
AUTO_INCREMENT =0
DEFAULT CHARSET =utf8;
INSERT INTO `#__helloworld` (`greeting`) VALUES
('Hello World!'),
('Good bye World!');
admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.12.sql
ALTER TABLE `#__helloworld` ADD `catid` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0';
Modificar el formulario
A HelloWorld message can now belong to a category. We have to modify the editing form. In the admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml file, put these lines:
admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<form
addrulepath="/administrator/components/com_helloworld/models/rules"
>
<fieldset>
<field
name="id"
type="hidden"
/>
<field
name="greeting"
type="text"
label="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_GREETING_LABEL"
description="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_GREETING_DESC"
size="40"
class="inputbox validate-greeting"
validate="greeting"
required="true"
default=""
/>
<field
name="catid"
type="category"
extension="com_helloworld"
class="inputbox"
default=""
label="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_LABEL"
description="COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_DESC"
required="true"
>
<option value="0">JOPTION_SELECT_CATEGORY</option>
</field>
</fieldset>
</form>
Note that the category can be 0 (representing no category).
The HelloWorld menu type displays a drop down list of all messages. If the message is categorized, we have to add the category in this display.
In the admin/models/fields/helloworld.php file, put these lines:
admin/models/fields/helloworld.php
<?php
/**
* @package Joomla.Administrator
* @subpackage com_helloworld
*
* @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
* @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
*/
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
JFormHelper::loadFieldClass('list');
/**
* HelloWorld Form Field class for the HelloWorld component
*
* @since 0.0.1
*/
class JFormFieldHelloWorld extends JFormFieldList
{
/**
* The field type.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $type = 'HelloWorld';
/**
* Method to get a list of options for a list input.
*
* @return array An array of JHtml options.
*/
protected function getOptions()
{
$db = JFactory::getDBO();
$query = $db->getQuery(true);
$query->select('#__helloworld.id as id,greeting,#__categories.title as category,catid');
$query->from('#__helloworld');
$query->leftJoin('#__categories on catid=#__categories.id');
// Retrieve only published items
$query->where('#__helloworld.published = 1');
$db->setQuery((string) $query);
$messages = $db->loadObjectList();
$options = array();
if ($messages)
{
foreach ($messages as $message)
{
$options[] = JHtml::_('select.option', $message->id, $message->greeting .
($message->catid ? ' (' . $message->category . ')' : ''));
}
}
$options = array_merge(parent::getOptions(), $options);
return $options;
}
}
It will now display the category between parenthesis. Note: We have added a where clause too to filter out unpublished items.
The com_categories component allows to set the submenu using a helper file. With your favourite file manager and editor, put a admin/helpers/helloworld.php file containing these lines:
admin/helpers/helloworld.php
<?php
/**
* @package Joomla.Administrator
* @subpackage com_helloworld
*
* @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
* @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
*/
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
/**
* HelloWorld component helper.
*
* @param string $submenu The name of the active view.
*
* @return void
*
* @since 1.6
*/
abstract class HelloWorldHelper
{
/**
* Configure the Linkbar.
*
* @return Bool
*/
public static function addSubmenu($submenu)
{
JSubMenuHelper::addEntry(
JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_MESSAGES'),
'index.php?option=com_helloworld',
$submenu == 'messages'
);
JSubMenuHelper::addEntry(
JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_CATEGORIES'),
'index.php?option=com_categories&view=categories&extension=com_helloworld',
$submenu == 'categories'
);
// Set some global property
$document = JFactory::getDocument();
$document->addStyleDeclaration('.icon-48-helloworld ' .
'{background-image: url(../media/com_helloworld/images/tux-48x48.png);}');
if ($submenu == 'categories')
{
$document->setTitle(JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION_CATEGORIES'));
}
}
}
NOTE: You MUST use your component name (without com_) for the helper file name, or else your submenus won't show in category view.
To import the helper class, put these lines in the admin/helloworld.php file:
admin/helloworld.php
<?php
/**
* @package Joomla.Administrator
* @subpackage com_helloworld
*
* @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
* @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
*/
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
// Set some global property
$document = JFactory::getDocument();
$document->addStyleDeclaration('.icon-helloworld {background-image: url(../media/com_helloworld/images/tux-16x16.png);}');
// Require helper file
JLoader::register('HelloWorldHelper', JPATH_COMPONENT . '/helpers/helloworld.php');
// Get an instance of the controller prefixed by HelloWorld
$controller = JControllerLegacy::getInstance('HelloWorld');
// Perform the Request task
$input = JFactory::getApplication()->input;
$controller->execute($input->getCmd('task'));
// Redirect if set by the controller
$controller->redirect();
This function will be automatically called by the com_categories component. Note that it will:
- change the submenu
- change some css properties (for displaying icons)
- change the browser title if the submenu is categories
- change the title and add a preferences button
The .icon-48-helloworld css class is now set in the addSubmenu function. We have now to call this function in the hellowords view:
admin/views/helloworlds/view.html.php
<?php
/**
* @package Joomla.Administrator
* @subpackage com_helloworld
*
* @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 Open Source Matters, Inc. All rights reserved.
* @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
*/
// No direct access to this file
defined('_JEXEC') or die('Restricted access');
/**
* HelloWorlds View
*
* @since 0.0.1
*/
class HelloWorldViewHelloWorlds extends JViewLegacy
{
/**
* Display the Hello World view
*
* @param string $tpl The name of the template file to parse; automatically searches through the template paths.
*
* @return void
*/
function display($tpl = null)
{
// Get application
$app = JFactory::getApplication();
$context = "helloworld.list.admin.helloworld";
// Get data from the model
$this->items = $this->get('Items');
$this->pagination = $this->get('Pagination');
$this->state = $this->get('State');
$this->filter_order = $app->getUserStateFromRequest($context.'filter_order', 'filter_order', 'greeting', 'cmd');
$this->filter_order_Dir = $app->getUserStateFromRequest($context.'filter_order_Dir', 'filter_order_Dir', 'asc', 'cmd');
$this->filterForm = $this->get('FilterForm');
$this->activeFilters = $this->get('ActiveFilters');
// Check for errors.
if (count($errors = $this->get('Errors')))
{
JError::raiseError(500, implode('<br />', $errors));
return false;
}
// Set the submenu
HelloWorldHelper::addSubmenu('helloworlds');
// Set the toolbar and number of found items
$this->addToolBar();
// Display the template
parent::display($tpl);
// Set the document
$this->setDocument();
}
/**
* Add the page title and toolbar.
*
* @return void
*
* @since 1.6
*/
protected function addToolBar()
{
$title = JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLDS');
if ($this->pagination->total)
{
$title .= "<span style='font-size: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle;'>(" . $this->pagination->total . ")</span>";
}
JToolBarHelper::title($title, 'helloworld');
JToolBarHelper::addNew('helloworld.add');
JToolBarHelper::editList('helloworld.edit');
JToolBarHelper::deleteList('', 'helloworlds.delete');
}
/**
* Method to set up the document properties
*
* @return void
*/
protected function setDocument()
{
$document = JFactory::getDocument();
$document->setTitle(JText::_('COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION'));
}
}
Adding some ACL
admin/access.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<access component="com_helloworld">
<section name="component">
<action name="core.admin" title="JACTION_ADMIN" description="JACTION_ADMIN_COMPONENT_DESC" />
<action name="core.manage" title="JACTION_MANAGE" description="JACTION_MANAGE_COMPONENT_DESC" />
<action name="core.create" title="JACTION_CREATE" description="JACTION_CREATE_COMPONENT_DESC" />
<action name="core.delete" title="JACTION_DELETE" description="JACTION_DELETE_COMPONENT_DESC" />
<action name="core.edit" title="JACTION_EDIT" description="JACTION_EDIT_COMPONENT_DESC" />
</section>
<section name="message">
<action name="core.delete" title="JACTION_DELETE" description="COM_HELLOWORLD_ACCESS_DELETE_DESC" />
<action name="core.edit" title="JACTION_EDIT" description="COM_HELLOWORLD_ACCESS_EDIT_DESC" />
</section>
</access>
NOTE: If you don't add this file, buttons "New" "Edit" and ... don't show in category view. For more information, read section Adding ACL on top of the page.
Adding some translation strings
Some strings have to be translated. In the admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini file, put these lines:
admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini
; Joomla! Project
; Copyright (C) 2005 - 2015 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.
; License GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt, see LICENSE.php
; Note : All ini files need to be saved as UTF-8
COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION="HelloWorld - Administration"
COM_HELLOWORLD_ADMINISTRATION_CATEGORIES="HelloWorld - Categories"
COM_HELLOWORLD_NUM="#"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLDS_FILTER="Filters"
COM_HELLOWORLD_PUBLISHED="Published"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLDS_NAME="Name"
COM_HELLOWORLD_ID="Id"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_CREATING="HelloWorld - Creating"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_DETAILS="Details"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_EDITING="HelloWorld - Editing"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_ERROR_UNACCEPTABLE="Some values are unacceptable"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_DESC="The category the messages belongs to"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_CATID_LABEL="Category"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_DESC="This message will be displayed"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_FIELD_GREETING_LABEL="Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_HEADING_GREETING="Greeting"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_HEADING_ID="Id"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLD_EDIT="HelloWorld manager: Edit Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLD_NEW="HelloWorld manager: New Message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_MANAGER_HELLOWORLDS="HelloWorld manager"
COM_HELLOWORLD_EDIT_HELLOWORLD="Edit message"
COM_HELLOWORLD_N_ITEMS_DELETED_1="One message deleted"
COM_HELLOWORLD_N_ITEMS_DELETED_MORE="%d messages deleted"
COM_HELLOWORLD_N_ITEMS_PUBLISHED="%d message(s) published"
COM_HELLOWORLD_N_ITEMS_UNPUBLISHED="%d message(s) unpublished"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_GREETING_LABEL="Greeting"
COM_HELLOWORLD_HELLOWORLD_GREETING_DESC="Add Hello World Greeting"
COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_MESSAGES="Messages"
COM_HELLOWORLD_SUBMENU_CATEGORIES="Categories"
Packaging the component
Content of your code directory
- helloworld.xml
- site/helloworld.php
- site/index.html
- site/controller.php
- site/views/index.html
- site/views/helloworld/index.html
- site/views/helloworld/view.html.php
- site/views/helloworld/tmpl/index.html
- site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.xml
- site/views/helloworld/tmpl/default.php
- site/models/index.html
- site/models/helloworld.php
- site/language/index.html
- site/language/en-GB/index.html
- site/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini
- admin/index.html
- admin/helloworld.php
- admin/controller.php
- admin/access.xml
- admin/helpers/helloworld.php
- admin/helpers/index.html
- admin/sql/index.html
- admin/sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql
- admin/sql/uninstall.mysql.utf8.sql
- admin/sql/updates/index.html
- admin/sql/updates/mysql/index.html
- admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.1.sql
- admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.6.sql
- admin/sql/updates/mysql/0.0.12.sql
- admin/models/index.html
- admin/models/fields/index.html
- admin/models/fields/helloworld.php
- admin/models/helloworlds.php
- admin/models/helloworld.php
- admin/models/forms/index.html
- admin/models/forms/helloworld.js
- admin/models/forms/helloworld.xml
- admin/models/rules/greeting.php
- admin/models/rules/index.html
- admin/controllers/helloworld.php
- admin/controllers/helloworlds.php
- admin/controllers/index.html
- admin/views/index.html
- admin/views/helloworld/index.html
- admin/views/helloworld/view.html.php
- admin/views/helloworld/tmpl/edit.php
- admin/views/helloworld/submitbutton.js
- admin/views/helloworlds/index.html
- admin/views/helloworlds/view.html.php
- admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/index.html
- admin/views/helloworlds/tmpl/default.php
- admin/tables/index.html
- admin/tables/helloworld.php
- admin/language/index.html
- admin/language/en-GB/index.html
- admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini
- admin/language/en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini
- media/index.html
- media/images/index.html
- media/images/tux-16x16.png
- media/images/tux-48x48.png
Create a compressed file of this directory or directly download the archive and install it using the extension manager of Joomla. You can add a menu item of this component using the menu manager in the backend.
helloworld.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<extension type="component" version="3.2.0" method="upgrade">
<name>COM_HELLOWORLD</name>
<!-- The following elements are optional and free of formatting constraints -->
<creationDate>February 2015</creationDate>
<author>John Doe</author>
<authorEmail>john.doe@example.org</authorEmail>
<authorUrl>http://www.example.org</authorUrl>
<copyright>Copyright Info</copyright>
<license>License Info</license>
<!-- The version string is recorded in the components table -->
<version>0.0.12</version>
<!-- The description is optional and defaults to the name -->
<description>COM_HELLOWORLD_DESCRIPTION</description>
<install> <!-- Runs on install -->
<sql>
<file driver="mysql" charset="utf8">sql/install.mysql.utf8.sql</file>
</sql>
</install>
<uninstall> <!-- Runs on uninstall -->
<sql>
<file driver="mysql" charset="utf8">sql/uninstall.mysql.utf8.sql</file>
</sql>
</uninstall>
<update> <!-- Runs on update; New since J2.5 -->
<schemas>
<schemapath type="mysql">sql/updates/mysql</schemapath>
</schemas>
</update>
<!-- Site Main File Copy Section -->
<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
in this section are copied from /site/ in the package -->
<files folder="site">
<filename>index.html</filename>
<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
<filename>controller.php</filename>
<folder>views</folder>
<folder>models</folder>
</files>
<languages folder="site/language">
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini</language>
</languages>
<media destination="com_helloworld" folder="media">
<filename>index.html</filename>
<folder>images</folder>
</media>
<administration>
<!-- Administration Menu Section -->
<menu link='index.php?option=com_helloworld' img="../media/com_helloworld/images/tux-16x16.png">COM_HELLOWORLD_MENU</menu>
<!-- Administration Main File Copy Section -->
<!-- Note the folder attribute: This attribute describes the folder
to copy FROM in the package to install therefore files copied
in this section are copied from /admin/ in the package -->
<files folder="admin">
<!-- Admin Main File Copy Section -->
<filename>index.html</filename>
<filename>helloworld.php</filename>
<filename>controller.php</filename>
<filename>access.xml</filename>
<!-- SQL files section -->
<folder>sql</folder>
<!-- tables files section -->
<folder>tables</folder>
<!-- models files section -->
<folder>models</folder>
<!-- views files section -->
<folder>views</folder>
<!-- controllers files section -->
<folder>controllers</folder>
<!-- helpers files section -->
<folder>helpers</folder>
</files>
<languages folder="admin/language">
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.ini</language>
<language tag="en-GB">en-GB/en-GB.com_helloworld.sys.ini</language>
</languages>
</administration>
</extension>
Contributors
- Christophe Demko
- Ozgur Aksu
- Anibal Sanchez // Just a fix
- Hans Postema // Just another fix
- Scionescire
- Veronika Patel