Difference between revisions of "Multiple Domains and Web Sites in a single Joomla! installation"

Revision as of 13:44, 4 January 2011

Although it's a best-practice to give every Website its own domain, Joomla! installation and database there can be special conditions in which a multi-site solution under a single Joomla! install is warranted.

An Example Application[edit]

A small business, 'Johnson Candies', has two separate but related brands: Red Candy and Yellow Candy. They require a single Joomla!-based Website where both candy types are visible, each with its own home page on the Joomla! site which corresponds to the domains www.redjohnsoncandy.com and www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com.

Additionally, each brand and site requires its own design: a yellow template for one; a red template, for the other.

Benefits[edit]

By including both brands in a single Joomla! web installation, Johnson Candies is able to save editing time (only one login), share articles and data across both brands (or sites) and use a single feature, such as a Contact Us form, for both brands.

Implementation Procedure[edit]

Prepare Your Domains[edit]

Use a single domain for your hosting account, as normal. Create the required add-on domains in the control panel of your hosting account. For the purpose of this tutorial, we will use www.redjohnsoncandy.com in addition to the base www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com domain name.

Install and Setup Joomla![edit]

Install and setup Joomla! normally. Then develop articles, menus and modules for each site.

Create Templates[edit]

Next develop and install the necessary templates - one for each site that you wish to have. In the above example, you would create a template for red candy named Red Template and a template for yellow candy named Yellow Template. Once the templates are installed, assign them to the relevant menu items, using the Joomla! template manager in the Joomla! Administrator area.

Add a Redirect[edit]

Option #1: Create an .htaccess (Apache) redirect[edit]

Note Enable SEF URLs in Joomla! First

One option is to use .htaccess (Apache) to redirect inquiries to a given domain to a specific Joomla! page.

Our goal is to redirect any inquries to the Red Candy domain name to a given page on the Joomla! site. In this example, we redirect any inquiries to www.redjohnsoncandy.com to a category-blog page. You would have previously assigned the 'red candy' template to this menu item, to create the illusion of a separate site.

#The following rule works, but it changes which domain name displays.
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^redjohnsoncandy.com$ [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.redjohnsoncandy.com$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=3&Itemid=12 [R=301,L]

Well, that works - but you can see the drawback immediately. Although the user is successfully viewing the Red Candy site, they will still see the Yellow Candy domain name. Unfortunately, if you are using both .htaccess and domain-parking (technically a redirect) - this is necessary in order to avoid creating a LOOP.

Option #2: Create a PHP Header Redirect[edit]

This solution has the benefit of keeping the illusion of separate domains/web sites apparent to the visitor. Instead of using .htaccess (Apache) for our redirect, we use one of the templates on the site.

In this example, the base domain is www.redjohnsoncandy.com. You have created a template for that area named Red Template. The trick is to open 'Red Template's' index.php file and add the following to the head area.

<?php
$domain = $_SERVER["HTTP_HOST"];
if (($domain == "redjohnsoncandy.com") ||
   ($domain == "www.redjohnsoncandy.com")) { 
   header("location: http://www.redjohnsoncandy.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=3&Itemid=12"); 
}
?>

Here's the benefit: The visitor will now be redirected to the appropriate Red Site page, that has the Red Template assigned to it only in the case where they have arrived at the 'red site' domain name. Otherwise, the conditional PHP rule is ignored, and the Yellow Site loads.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-==Overview==
+Although it's a best-practice to give every Website its own domain, Joomla! installation and database there can be special conditions in which a multi-site solution under a single Joomla! install is warranted.
-Although it's a best-practice to give every Website it's own domain, Joomla! installation and database there can be special conditions in which a multi-site solution under a single Joomla! install is warranted.
-Although this article is oriented toward developers working on a site with Linux and Apache, it should work for most of the popular web hosting configurations.
+==An Example Application==
-===Example of Conditions where This Multi-Site Solution Makes Sense===
+A small business, 'Johnson Candies', has two separate but related brands: ''Red Candy'' and ''Yellow Candy''. They require a single Joomla!-based Website where both candy types are visible, each with its own home page on the Joomla! site which corresponds to the domains ''www.redjohnsoncandy.com'' and ''www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com''.
-A small business 'Johnson Candies' has two separate but related brands; ''Red Candy'' and ''Yellow Candy''.  They require a single Joomla!-based Website where both candy types are visible, each with its own '''home page''' on the Joomla! site which corresponds to a given domain:
-http://www.redjohnsoncandy.com  (example only)
+Additionally, each brand and site '''requires its own design''': a yellow template for one; a red template, for the other.
-http://www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com (example only)
-Additionally, each brand and site ''requires its own design'', a yellow template for one, a red template, for the other.
 ==Benefits==
-By including both brands into a single Joomla! web installation, Johnson Candies is able to save editing-time (only one login), to share articles and data across both brands (or mini-sites) and to use a single feature, such as a Contact Us form, for both brands.
+By including both brands in a single Joomla! web installation, Johnson Candies is able to save editing time (only one login), share articles and data across both brands (or sites) and use a single feature, such as a Contact Us form, for both brands.
-==Getting Started==
+==Implementation Procedure==
-===Step One: Prepare Your Domains===
+===Prepare Your Domains===
-Use a single domain for your hosting account, as normal. Park any additional domains on top of that account domain (as in cPanel). For the purpose of this tutorial, we will park ''redjohnsoncandy.com'' on top of the base ''yellowjohnsoncandy.com'' domain name.
+Use a single domain for your hosting account, as normal. Create the required add-on domains in the control panel of your hosting account. For the purpose of this tutorial, we will use ''www.redjohnsoncandy.com'' in addition to the base ''www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com'' domain name.
-===Step Two: Install and Setup Joomla! Normally===
+===Install and Setup Joomla!===
-Install and setup Joomla! normally.
+Install and setup Joomla! normally. Then develop articles, menus and modules for each site.
+===Create Templates===
-Develop articles, menus and modules for each mini-site.
+Next develop and install the necessary templates - one for each site that you wish to have. In the above example, you would create a template for ''red candy'' named ''Red Template'' and a template for ''yellow candy'' named ''Yellow Template''. Once the templates are installed, assign them to the relevant menu items, using the Joomla! template manager in the Joomla! Administrator area.
-===Step Three: Create Templates===
+===Add a Redirect===
-Next develop and install (2+) templates to Joomla! - one for each 'mini-site' that you wish to have. In the above example, you would create a template for ''red candy'' named ''Red Template'' and a template for ''yellow candy'' named ''Yellow Template''. Once the templates are installed to the site, assign them to the relevant menu items, using the Joomla! template manager in the Joomla! Administrator area.
+====Option #1: Create an .htaccess (Apache) redirect====
-==Adding a Redirect==
-===Option #1: Create an htaccess (Apache) redirect===
 '''Note''' ''Enable SEF URLs in Joomla! First''
-One option is to use htaccess (Apache) to redirect inquiries to a given domain to a specific Joomla! page.
+One option is to use .htaccess (Apache) to redirect inquiries to a given domain to a specific Joomla! page.
-Our goal is to redirect any inquries to the Red Candy domain name to a given page on the Joomla! site. In this example, we redirect any inquiries to redjohnsoncandy.com to a category-blog page. You would have previously assigned the 'red candy' template to this menu item, to create the illusion of a separate site.
+Our goal is to redirect any inquries to the Red Candy domain name to a given page on the Joomla! site. In this example, we redirect any inquiries to www.redjohnsoncandy.com to a category-blog page. You would have previously assigned the 'red candy' template to this menu item, to create the illusion of a separate site.
 <source lang='apache'>
 #The following rule works, but it changes which domain name displays.
@@ Line 34: / Line 27: @@
 RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://www.yellowjohnsoncandy.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=3&Itemid=12 [R=301,L]
 </source>
-Well, that works - but you can see the drawback immediately. Although the user is successfully viewing the Red Candy site, they will still see the Yellow Candy domain name. Unfortunately, if you are using both htaccess and domain-parking (technically a redirect) - this is necessary in order to avoid creating a LOOP.
+Well, that works - but you can see the drawback immediately. Although the user is successfully viewing the Red Candy site, they will still see the Yellow Candy domain name. Unfortunately, if you are using both .htaccess and domain-parking (technically a redirect) - this is necessary in order to avoid creating a LOOP.
-===Option #2: Create a PHP Header Redirect===
+====Option #2: Create a PHP Header Redirect====
-This solution has the benefit of keeping the illusion of separate domains/web sites apparent to the visitor. Instead of using htaccess (Apache) for our redirect, we use one of the templates on the site.
+This solution has the benefit of keeping the illusion of separate domains/web sites apparent to the visitor. Instead of using .htaccess (Apache) for our redirect, we use one of the templates on the site.
-In this example, the base domain is redjohnsoncandy.com. You have created a template for that area named ''Red Template''. The trick is to open 'Red Template's' index.php file and add the following to the head area.
+In this example, the base domain is www.redjohnsoncandy.com. You have created a template for that area named ''Red Template''. The trick is to open 'Red Template's' index.php file and add the following to the head area.
 <source lang='php'>
 <?php
@@ Line 48: / Line 41: @@
 ?>
 </source>
-Here's the benefit: The visitor will now be redirected to the appropriate ''Red Site'' page, that has the ''Red Template'' assigned to it '''only''' in the case where they have arrived at the 'red site' domain name. Otherwise, the conditional PHP rule is ignored, and the base Yellow Site loads.
+Here's the benefit: The visitor will now be redirected to the appropriate ''Red Site'' page, that has the ''Red Template'' assigned to it '''only''' in the case where they have arrived at the 'red site' domain name. Otherwise, the conditional PHP rule is ignored, and the Yellow Site loads.
-==Summary==
-'''Please Note:'''
-This tip is only useful in specific circumstances.
-Otherwise it is a far more elegant and efficient solution to use multiple Joomla! installations, parked domains and so on as your needs dictate.
 [[Category:Tips and tricks]]
 [[Category:Tips and tricks 1.5]]