Difference between revisions of "Nginx/en"

From Joomla! Documentation

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<noinclude><languages /></noinclude>
 
<noinclude><languages /></noinclude>
[http://nginx.net/ nginx] is a lightweight Web server that powers about 13% of Web servers across all domains[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx#Description]. Unless you have specific requirements that demand a heavy Web server like Apache, you are much better off using nginx.
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[http://nginx.org/ Nginx] is a lightweight Web server that powers [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx about 33%] of Web servers across all domains. Unless you have specific requirements that demand a heavy Web server like Apache, you are much better off using Nginx.
  
Below are instructions on how to get Joomla! running with [http://wiki.nginx.org/PHPFcgiExample nginx and PHP via FastCGI].
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Below are instructions on how to get Joomla! running with [https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/phpfcgi/ PHP FastCGI Example].
  
== Install nginx ==
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== Install Nginx ==
For Ubuntu, run <tt>aptitude install nginx</tt>. For other distros, run the corresponding package manager, or see http://wiki.nginx.org/Install.
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For Ubuntu, run ''aptitude install Nginx''. For other distributions, run the corresponding package manager or see the [https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/install/ Nginx Install page].
  
 
== Install PHP FastCGI ==  
 
== Install PHP FastCGI ==  
For Ubuntu, read this excellent page on how to [http://wiki.nginx.org/PHPFcgiExample configure PHP and FastCGI for nginx].
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For Ubuntu, read [https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/phpfcgi/ PHP FastCGI Example].
  
For Gentoo, PHP will run as a FastCGI service (fpm), so the nginx server will run PHP as a separated process:
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For Gentoo, PHP will run as a FastCGI service (FPM), so the Nginx server will run PHP as a separate process:
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
 
# echo "dev-lang/php gd gd2 curl simplexml tokenizer dom tidy sqlite xml fpm cgi" >> /etc/portage/package.use
 
# echo "dev-lang/php gd gd2 curl simplexml tokenizer dom tidy sqlite xml fpm cgi" >> /etc/portage/package.use
 
# emerge php
 
# emerge php
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
The default settings of php-fpm are good for most servers. For special configurations, visit the [http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.php PHP FPM site].
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The default settings of PHP-FPM are good for most servers. For special configurations, visit the [http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.php PHP FPM site].
  
 
== Configure Nginx ==
 
== Configure Nginx ==
nginx configuration files reside in:
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Nginx configuration files reside in:
* <tt>/etc/nginx/sites-available/</tt> on Ubuntu (for sites running on that nginx instance)
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* <tt>/etc/nginx/sites-available/</tt> on Ubuntu (for sites running on that Nginx instance)
* <tt>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</tt> on Gentoo and Raspbian(= Debian optimized for Raspberry Pi)
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* <tt>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</tt> on Gentoo and Raspbian (Debian optimized for Raspberry Pi)
  
Here is an sample nginx configuration file, joomla.conf, that you can reuse over all your nginx enabled-sites.
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Here is an sample Nginx configuration file, ''joomla.conf'', that you can reuse over all your Nginx enabled-sites.
  
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
 
server {
 
server {
        listen 80;
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  listen 80;
        server_name YOUR_DOMAIN;
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    server_name YOUR_DOMAIN;
        server_name_in_redirect off;
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    server_name_in_redirect off;
  
        access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access_log;
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    access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access_log;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.error_log info;
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    error_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.error_log info;
  
        root PATH_ON_SERVER;
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    root PATH_ON_SERVER;
        index index.php index.html index.htm default.html default.htm;
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    index index.php index.html index.htm default.html default.htm;
        # Support Clean (aka Search Engine Friendly) URLs
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    # Support Clean (aka Search Engine Friendly) URLs
        location / {
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    location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
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        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
        }
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    }
  
        # add global x-content-type-options header
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    # add global x-content-type-options header
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
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    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
  
        # deny running scripts inside writable directories
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    # deny running scripts inside writable directories
        location ~* /(images|cache|media|logs|tmp)/.*\.(php|pl|py|jsp|asp|sh|cgi)$ {
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    location ~* /(images|cache|media|logs|tmp)/.*\.(php|pl|py|jsp|asp|sh|cgi)$ {
                return 403;
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        return 403;
                error_page 403 /403_error.html;
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        error_page 403 /403_error.html;
        }
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    }
  
        location ~ \.php$ {
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    location ~ \.php$ {
            fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
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      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
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      fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi_params;
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      include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
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      fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
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      include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
        }
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    }
  
        # caching of files  
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    # caching of files  
        location ~* \.(ico|pdf|flv)$ {
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    location ~* \.(ico|pdf|flv)$ {
                expires 1y;
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        expires 1y;
        }
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    }
  
        location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|swf|xml|txt)$ {
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    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|swf|xml|txt)$ {
                expires 14d;
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        expires 14d;
        }
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    }
  
 
}
 
}
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Pay attention to a few things:
 
Pay attention to a few things:
# The parameter <tt>fastcgi_pass</tt> is set to 127.0.0.1:9000, corresponding to the port that fpm is configured to listen to. This means you can run the PHP processes on separate servers. On Gentoo, you can find this configuration in <tt>/etc/php/fpm-php5.3/php-fpm.conf/</tt>
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# The parameter ''fastcgi_pass'' is set to ''127.0.0.1:9000'', corresponding to the port that FPM is configured to listen to. This means you can run the PHP processes on separate servers. On Gentoo, you can find this configuration in the ''/etc/php/fpm-php5.3/php-fpm.conf/'' file.
 
# Don't forget to replace YOUR_DOMAIN & PATH_ON_SERVER above depending on your domain and the path of Joomla on your server.
 
# Don't forget to replace YOUR_DOMAIN & PATH_ON_SERVER above depending on your domain and the path of Joomla on your server.
  
== GZip support ==
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== GZip Support ==
If you need GZip compression support, add the following section to the http section of the main nginx configuration file:
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If you need GZip compression support, add the following section to the ''http'' section of the main Nginx configuration file:
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
        gzip on;
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gzip on;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
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gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 6;
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gzip_comp_level 6;
        gzip_min_length 1100;
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gzip_min_length 1100;
        gzip_buffers 4 8k;
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gzip_buffers 4 8k;
        gzip_types text/plain application/xhtml+xml text/css application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript
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gzip_types text/plain application/xhtml+xml text/css application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript
        gzip_proxied     any;
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gzip_proxied any;
        gzip_disable     "MSIE [1-6]\.";
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gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
  
 
== Sources ==
 
== Sources ==
* [http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Nginx Nginx in Gentoo]
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* [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Nginx Nginx in Gentoo]
* [http://www.kevinworthington.com/nginx-for-windows/ Nginx for Windows]
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* [https://kevinworthington.com/nginx-for-windows/ Nginx for Windows]
* [http://wiki.nginx.org/Install#Ubuntu_PPA Nginx in Ubuntu]
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* [https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/install-and-configure-nginx#1-overview Nginx in Ubuntu]
* [http://www.debianadmin.com/howto-install-nginx-webserver-in-debian.html Nginx in Debian]
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* [https://www.debianadmin.com/howto-install-nginx-webserver-in-debian.html Nginx in Debian]
* [http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.php PHP-FPM installation and configuration]
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* [https://www.php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.php PHP-FPM installation and configuration]
* [http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpGzipModule GZip in Nginx]
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* [https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/web-server/compression/ Compression and Decompression]
* [http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpRewriteModule Rewrite in Nginx]
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* [https://www.nginx.com/blog/creating-nginx-rewrite-rules/ Creating NGINX Rewrite Rules]
* [http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/request_processing.html How nginx processes a request]
+
* [http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/request_processing.html How Nginx processes a request]
  
 
[[Category:Server configurations]]
 
[[Category:Server configurations]]

Latest revision as of 04:12, 16 August 2022

Other languages:

Nginx is a lightweight Web server that powers about 33% of Web servers across all domains. Unless you have specific requirements that demand a heavy Web server like Apache, you are much better off using Nginx.

Below are instructions on how to get Joomla! running with PHP FastCGI Example.

Install Nginx

For Ubuntu, run aptitude install Nginx. For other distributions, run the corresponding package manager or see the Nginx Install page.

Install PHP FastCGI

For Ubuntu, read PHP FastCGI Example.

For Gentoo, PHP will run as a FastCGI service (FPM), so the Nginx server will run PHP as a separate process:

# echo "dev-lang/php gd gd2 curl simplexml tokenizer dom tidy sqlite xml fpm cgi" >> /etc/portage/package.use
# emerge php

The default settings of PHP-FPM are good for most servers. For special configurations, visit the PHP FPM site.

Configure Nginx

Nginx configuration files reside in:

  • /etc/nginx/sites-available/ on Ubuntu (for sites running on that Nginx instance)
  • /etc/nginx/nginx.conf on Gentoo and Raspbian (Debian optimized for Raspberry Pi)

Here is an sample Nginx configuration file, joomla.conf, that you can reuse over all your Nginx enabled-sites.

server {
  listen 80;
    server_name YOUR_DOMAIN;
    server_name_in_redirect off;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access_log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.error_log info;

    root PATH_ON_SERVER;
    index index.php index.html index.htm default.html default.htm;
    # Support Clean (aka Search Engine Friendly) URLs
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    }

    # add global x-content-type-options header
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;

    # deny running scripts inside writable directories
    location ~* /(images|cache|media|logs|tmp)/.*\.(php|pl|py|jsp|asp|sh|cgi)$ {
        return 403;
        error_page 403 /403_error.html;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fastcgi_params;
      fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
      include /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf;
    }

    # caching of files 
    location ~* \.(ico|pdf|flv)$ {
        expires 1y;
    }

    location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|swf|xml|txt)$ {
        expires 14d;
    }

}

Pay attention to a few things:

  1. The parameter fastcgi_pass is set to 127.0.0.1:9000, corresponding to the port that FPM is configured to listen to. This means you can run the PHP processes on separate servers. On Gentoo, you can find this configuration in the /etc/php/fpm-php5.3/php-fpm.conf/ file.
  2. Don't forget to replace YOUR_DOMAIN & PATH_ON_SERVER above depending on your domain and the path of Joomla on your server.

GZip Support

If you need GZip compression support, add the following section to the http section of the main Nginx configuration file:

gzip on;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_min_length 1100;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_types text/plain application/xhtml+xml text/css application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript
gzip_proxied any;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";

Sources